For example, the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) states that if in 1990 there were “major armed conflicts” in Africa, this figure had dropped to just one in 2007 (Somalia). Nevertheless, most sources agree that Africa has experienced a substantial decline in the number of “major armed conflicts” in recent years. “Freedom wars”, “intractable wars”, “proxy wars” (substitute wars or wars controlled from abroad, typical conflicts of the context of bipolar dispute) or “post-Cold War conflicts” have sparked a major review of its causes and consequences, sometimes very biased and reductionist, based on very different sources, methodologies and data. According to Lindemann (2008), since the 60s, a total of 24 sub-Saharan African countries (i.e., almost 50% of African states) have suffered war, while 22 other countries have managed to “avoid it”. Armed conflict has been a recurring reality in the analysis of postcolonial Africa.
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